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partial correlation
In probability theory and statistics, partial correlation measures the degree of association between two random variables, with the effect of a set of controlling random variables removed.
==Formal definition==
Formally, the partial correlation between ''X'' and ''Y'' given a set of ''n'' controlling variables Z = , written ''ρ''''XY''·Z, is the correlation between the residuals ''R''''X'' and ''R''''Y'' resulting from the linear regression of ''X'' with Z and of ''Y'' with Z, respectively. The first-order partial correlation (i.e. when n=1) is the difference between a correlation and the product of the removable correlations divided by the product of the coefficients of alienation of the removable correlations. The coefficient of alienation, and its relation with joint variance through correlation are available in Guilford (1973, pp. 344–345).
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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